Acta Universitatis Dentistriae et Chirurgiae Maxillofacialis

Orthodontic treatment is intended to correct malocclusion and dentofacial anomalies. In many cases, conventional orthodontic techniques prove insufficient or require extended treatment durations. In such instances, minimally invasive surgical interventions offer an alternative therapeutic strategy. Micro-osteoperforation, commonly performed using rotary burs, often results in trauma to the oral mucosa. We propose a method of nano-osteoperforation that enables a minimally traumatic approach. This article presents a clinical case demonstrating the application of nano-osteoperforations during orthodontic treatment in patients with maxillary and mandibular arch constriction and mandibular incisor crowding. Nano-osteoperforation is an innovative technique aimed at promoting bone regeneration and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. In this case, the use of nano-osteoperforations facilitated faster treatment progression and improved smile aesthetics.

BACKGROUND: Distal occlusion is among the most prevalent types of malocclusion. A variety of orthodontic appliances are used for its correction, and it is critical to consider the anatomical features of the maxilla, such as bone density and interradicular distances, when selecting a treatment modality.

AIM: The work aimed to characterize maxillary morphology in patients with distal occlusion.

METHODS: The study included diagnostic dental models, lateral cephalometric radiographs, and cone-beam computed tomography scans of 46 patients with distal occlusion. Measurements included alveolar process height and width, interradicular distances, and bone density of the maxilla in two regions: between the second bicuspids and first molars (region A) and between the first and second molars (region B).

RESULTS: The measurements of the maxillary alveolar process in two regions showed that, the mean interradicular distance at the level of the maxillary sinus was greater in region A (2.84±0.89 mm) than in region B (2.37±1.19 mm); alveolar height was also greater in region A (10.44±2.59 mm) than in region B (9.53±2.55 mm). Median height between the cortical plates was comparable in both regions (2.55±0.42 mm in region A vs 2.4±0.37 mm in region B). Median cortical bone density of the alveolar ridge was higher in region A (1645.4±265 arbitrary units) than in region B (1534.0±285 arbitrary units). No clinically significant associations were observed between bone density (of the sinus floor cortex, cancellous bone, or alveolar cortical plate) and sex, growth pattern, or continuity of the dental arch.

CONCLUSION: The anatomical parameters of the maxilla relevant to orthodontic treatment planning were quantitatively assessed. The interradicular space between the second bicuspids and first molars may serve as a viable site for orthodontic microimplant placement.

BACKGROUND: Mandibular measurement is an essential component of orthodontic assessment, making the search for new cephalometric landmarks clinically relevant.

AIM: The work aimed to determine the major dimensions of mandibular segments and the length of chin prominence on lateral cephalograms in individuals with normal occlusion.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 58 lateral cephalograms of patients with normal occlusion. Standard orthodontic landmarks were used to measure mandibular parameters.

RESULTS: In individuals with normal occlusion, the average body-to-ramus ratio was 1.25±0.04, and the mean difference between the alveolar part length and the Go–Pog distance was 3.39±1.31 mm. These findings allowed classification of the cephalograms into 3 groups based on chin prominence length.

CONCLUSION: Three main types of chin prominence were identified in individuals with normal occlusion. The average prominence was 3.36±0.56 mm; in long-type chins it measured 6.47±0.51 mm, and in short-type chins, 0.88±0.62 mm. These data may be useful in clinical orthodontics for diagnosing mandibular dimensional anomalies and selecting appropriate genioplasty techniques.

On March 22, 2025, the VIII All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation titled “Prevention in Dentistry” was held in St. Petersburg at the Grand Hotel Emerald conference hall. The event gathered over 200 healthcare professionals, including specialists in pediatric dentistry, general dentistry, prosthodontics, operative dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, and radiology. The scientific program featured 18 presentations. The conference was organized by the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, to promote the exchange of knowledge and clinical experience on current issues in preventive dental medicine. Co-organizers included the Russian Dental Association and the Scientific Medical Society of Dentists of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region.