Эволюционные аспекты нейрофизиологической роли тирамина и октопамина
- Авторы: Маломуж А.И.1,2, Невский Е.С.1,3
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Учреждения:
- Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики ФИЦ Казанский научный центр РАН
- Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева — КАИ
- Казанский федеральный университет
- Выпуск: Том 61, № 4 (2025)
- Страницы: 211-225
- Раздел: ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ
- URL: https://stomuniver.ru/0044-4529/article/view/697053
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S3034552925040019
- ID: 697053
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Аннотация
В настоящее время такие биологически активные вещества эндогенной природы, как тирамин и октопамин, относят к группе следовых аминов, что связано с их относительно невысокой концентрацией в тканях. Однако это справедливо в большей мере в отношении высших позвоночных, у которых данные амины играют широкий спектр физиологических функций, включая модуляторные влияния в нервной системе посредством активации собственных рецепторов к следовым аминам. У беспозвоночных животных уровень этих аминов выше, и они выступают в нервной системе не столько как модуляторы, сколько как нейромедиаторы, активирующие рецепторы иной природы. В настоящем обзоре проведен анализ экспериментальных данных о нейрофизиологической роли тирамина и октопамина в организме беспозвоночных и позвоночных, демонстрирующий сходства и различия как функций, так и рецепторов, опосредующих эти функции. Определенный акцент сделан на данных, свидетельствующих о тесной взаимосвязи сигнализации, опосредованной следовыми аминами, с симпатическим отделом нервной системы у высших позвоночных. На основе этого формируется представление о том, что в процессе эволюции норадренергическая сигнальная система могла перенять на себя роль тираминовой и октопаминовой сигнализации. Однако это представление все еще дискутируется, а сигнальная роль тирамина и октопамина в нервной системе высших позвоночных остается значимой и продолжает активно изучаться. Интерес к этому обусловлен тем, что именно у позвоночных рассматриваемые амины в процессе эволюции “приобрели” как новый спектр физиологических функций, так и новый набор рецепторных белков для их реализации. Эти белки, как оказалось, могут выступать в роли потенциальных мишеней для лечения ряда нервно-психических расстройств.
Об авторах
А. И. Маломуж
Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики ФИЦ Казанский научный центр РАН; Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева — КАИКазань, Россия; Казань, Россия
Е. С. Невский
Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики ФИЦ Казанский научный центр РАН; Казанский федеральный университет
Email: nevskywissen@gmail.com
Казань, Россия; Казань, Россия
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