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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Universitatis Dentistriae et Chirurgiae Maxillofacialis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Dentistriae et Chirurgiae Maxillofacialis</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="kk"><trans-title>Acta Universitatis Dentistriae et Chirurgiae Maxillofacialis</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="pt"><trans-title>Acta Universitatis Dentistriae et Chirurgiae Maxillofacialis</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Университетская стоматология и челюстно-лицевая хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Acta Universitatis Dentistriae et Chirurgiae Maxillofacialis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-297X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">695378</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/uds695378</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FNQSHD</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая стоматология и челюстно-лицевая хирургия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of distal extension partial edentulism assessed using panoramic radiography</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Частота встречаемости вариантов дистально неограниченных дефектов зубных дуг по данным ортопантомографии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7158-0282</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7560-1787</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkarin</surname><given-names>Vladimir  V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкарин</surname><given-names>Владимир Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>vishkarin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6601-1856</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4889-3309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhalchenko</surname><given-names>Alexey D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михальченко</surname><given-names>Алексей Дмитриевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры</p></bio><email>svdvolga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-28"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-05"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://stomuniver.ru/unistom/article/view/695378">https://stomuniver.ru/unistom/article/view/695378</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Dental arch deformities associated with distal extension edentulous defects exhibit a wide range of clinical patterns, varying by location and severity, which underscores the clinical relevance of this study.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> This study aimed to assess the prevalence of variants of distal extension dental arch defects according to their location and the severity of vertical deformation, as evaluated using panoramic radiography.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> This retrospective study included 102 panoramic radiographs from patients with distal extension dental arch defects and 54 panoramic radiographs obtained from patients after prosthodontic treatment. To assess defect location, each panoramic radiograph was divided into 4 quadrants (2 maxillary and 2 mandibular, right and left). Reference points and lines were applied to evaluate tooth position relative to these references and assess the severity of vertical dental arch deformation.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> In prosthodontic practice, nine principal forms of distal extension dental arch defects were identified, with varying prevalence. The most common variant consisted of defects confined to a single mandibular quadrant: it was observed in 27 patients (26.47% ± 4.37%). Rare variants included defects involving 2 quadrants across both arches, either unilaterally or bilaterally. Signs of vertical dental arch deformation were identified in panoramic radiographs of 39 of 54 patients after prosthodontic treatment (72.22% ± 8.29%).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> In most cases, prosthodontic treatment is performed without adequate consideration of the severity of occlusal pathology, which adversely affects the functional status of the maxillofacial system.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Деформации зубочелюстных дуг при наличии дистально неограниченных дефектов имеют многообразие клинических форм, как по локализации, так и по степени выраженности, что определяет актуальность исследования.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — оценить частоту встречаемости вариантов дистально неограниченных дефектов зубных дуг по локализации и степени выраженности деформаций в вертикальном направлении по данным ортопантомографии.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Ретроспективное исследование было проведено с использованием 102 ортопантомограмм пациентов с дистально неограниченными дефектами зубных дуг, а также 54 ортопантомограмм, полученных после протетического лечения пациентов. Ортопантомограммы разделяли на 4 квадранта (2 верхних и 2 нижних, правые и левые) и оценивали локализацию дефекта. Наносили точечные и линейные ориентиры, позволяющие относительно них оценить положение зубов и выраженность деформации в вертикальном направлении.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В клинике протетической стоматологии встречаются девять основных форм дистально неограниченных дефектов зубных дуг с различной частотой встречаемости. Наиболее часто встречающимся вариантом были дефекты, расположенные в одном из квадрантов ортопантомограммы на нижней челюсти, которые определялись у 27 пациентов (26,47±4,37%). Редкими формами были разносторонние дефекты, расположенные в двух квадрантах на обеих челюстях, как односторонние, так и разносторонние. У 39 пациентов на ортопантомограммах были выявлены признаки деформации зубных дуг в вертикальном направлении, что составило 72,22±8,29%, от числа обследованных 54 пациентов после протезирования.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> В большинстве случаев протетическое лечение ведется без учета выраженности патологии окклюзионных взаимоотношений, что отражается на функциональном состоянии челюстно-лицевой области.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>panoramic radiography</kwd><kwd>occlusal line</kwd><kwd>vertical dental arch deformation</kwd><kwd>distal extension dental arch defects</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ортопантомография</kwd><kwd>окклюзионная линия</kwd><kwd>деформация зубных дуг в вертикальном направлении</kwd><kwd>дистально неограниченные дефекты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Domenyuk DA, Davydov BN, Vedeshina EG, Dmitrienko SV. 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